What Are Platelets

Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings - 1382 Words

In Maya Angelou’s novel I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings the main character Maya Angelou struggles with her identity through out the novel. She first started to question her identity after Mr. Freeman raped her. Another time in the novel she questioned her identity was during the barbeque at the bathroom because she did not know which bathroom to use. The last time that she questioned her identity in the novel was when she questioned her sexual identity because she did not know if she was heterosexual or homosexual. Maya first started questioning her identity after Mr. Freeman raped her, changing her entire world. Mr. Freeman triggered something in Maya that made her question her identity because he made her feel vulnerable for the first time. He also made her feel frightened for her and her brothers’ life. Maya could not do the right thing because of her fear that if she did, something horrible might happen to someone she loves. She writes, â€Å"â€Å"We was just playing before.† He released me enough to snatch down my blommers, and then he dragged me closer to him. Turning the radio up loud, too loud, he said, â€Å"If you scream, I’m gonna kill you. And if you tell, I’m gonna kill Bailey.† I could tell he meant what he said. I couldn’t understand why he wanted to kill my brother. Neither of us had done anything to him† (Angelou 78). She was made to think that if she told anyone what he did to her he would harm her and her brother or, even wors e, kill them both. Mr. Freeman made MayaShow MoreRelatedMaya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings913 Words   |  4 Pages Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is an autobiography that describes the coming of age of a Southern black girl who overcomes society’s cruelty as she grows up. Taking place in Stamps, Kansas during the 1930s, the autobiography captures Marguerite Ann Johnson’s, or Maya’s, battle of finding herself and coming to terms with who she is while growing up in a time period comprised of oppression and discrimination. Furthermore, Maya endures many childhood hardships due to her race, and sheRead MorePrejudice in Maya Angelou ´s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings636 Words   |  3 Pagesin the poem, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, the much loved poet Maya Angelou uses poetic devices like rhyme, alliteration, metaphors and imagery, to encourage African-Americans to find their voice and earn the respect that they deserved. Imagine reaching for the sky, and actually being able to touch it. In the first stanza in the poem, the author compares a free bird to the white population during times of discrimination. In the first two lines, the author says, The free bird leaps / on theRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1575 Words   |  7 Pagesto feel different, and wish they were someone or something â€Å"better†. In Maya Angelou’s autobiography she demonstrates what its like growing up in a racist community and how it feels to be the outcast. Angelou continuously speaks about being someone different her ideal self, something she is completely different from. She feels this way due to the racist society she lives in. In I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou demonstrates in her autobiography in 1969 that even with love and affectionRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.† By Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. This is the quote my mom has been telling me every day since I was 13 and able to understand it. Maya Angelou wrote this poem in 1969 and it still speaks to millions of people today. Millions of people who have everything to say but never speak. This is just one example, my example on how relatable poems are even if they are hundreds of years old. Being able to relate to a poemRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1219 Words   |  5 PagesLike many African American writers in American history, migration is a defining part of Maya Angelou’s life and character. In her memoir I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Maya thoroughly discusses each of the moves that shape the person she becomes. From St. Louis at seven to a Southern California junkyard at fifteen, Maya’s life is filled with both voluntary and involuntary migrations. Some of these moves are intensely emotionally taxing, while others allow her to grow and flourish. Although herRead MoreMaya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings701 Words   |  3 PagesMaya Angelou: â€Å" I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† In this poem Maya Angelou talks about the civil rights movement. She also express her personal life of what she went through such as being raped at the age of 6 by her mother’s boyfriend and also becoming mute for 5 years. She also states how she got pregnant and had to raise a child at 16. All these events led up to writing this poem from a caged bird that sings point of view. â€Å"Remembrance† In this poem Maya Angelou express how she was being rapedRead MoreMaya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1888 Words   |  8 Pages Maya Angelou once said â€Å"We may encounter many defeats but we must not be defeated† and this phrase speaks volume in comparison to Angelou’s life story. She was born Marguerite Ann Johnson on April 4th, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri. The name Maya was given to her by her older brother, Bailey Jr. Maya Angelou is not only a sister, but also an inspirational role model, a mother, an author, a poet, a civil rights activist, and an actor. In 1969 Angelou’s world renowned book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged BirdRead MoreDisplacement, a Theme in Maya Angelou ´s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings1603 Words   |  6 Pagesdisplacement leaves a painful hole in ones heart. Whether a person is a male or female, white or black, lives in the North or South, or young or old, displacement takes a toll on their character and personality. M aya Angelou creates a theme of displacement in her novel I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Angelous novel has been critiqued by many notable scholars for being a classic autobiography. The critics note the importance of the setting to show universal displacement and the use of characterizationRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings 1036 Words   |  5 PagesFily Thiam English 002 Mrs. Vilato 9 April 2015 Rhetorical Analysis on â€Å"Graduation† by Maya Angelou In Graduation, a chapter in her autobiography â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings†, Maya Angelou talks vividly about her middle school graduation in the segregated South. Graduation is an important milestone in most people’s life, as they get a degree and move on to their next level, something better and more important, with the hope that they can use their new knowledge to achieve their life goals andRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1445 Words   |  6 PagesPresentation I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is a self-portraying record of Maya Angelou that shows how cherish for writing and having a solid character can assume a huge part in conquering bigotry and misery. Throughout the story, it is clear that Maya changes from being a setback of bigotry to end up distinctly a young lady with self-nobility and character that helps her to conquer partiality. The setting of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings concentrates on the issues connected with bigotry that

Work Priorities In Professional Development -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Work Priorities In Professional Development? Answer: Introducation Managing personal work and avoiding distractions from other activities can be challenging to every individual. In most cases adapting personal work when a conflicting factor arises within the work environment can be challenging. The best way to manage work is to ensure that there are flexible sessions between different shifts in work. Personally, I believe that some distractions cannot be postponed for long and have to interfere with ones work. Situations like emergencies can be handled using a flexible work plan that allows time to attend to such distractions during breaks. Factors that contributed to distraction are digital and personal, where digital factors arise from the need to use digital devices for personal purposes like social media to keep in touch with the outside world (Winter, et al., 2010, p. 74). Human factors are caused by the people who may require attention thus distracting work. To manage such situations, I restructured my work plan and allocated time for attendin g to such issues. This allows me to concentrate and wait for the expected time to work on them. To meet the needs of the operating and those of customers, Smith (2013, pp. 5) suggests that developing an accommodative work plan is the best way to balance time amongst existing activities. Every individual gets distracted but organized people can allocate time for every activity that they plan to engage in based on the strength of the activity. One way to meet organizational requirements is use of objectives and standards. Standards can be used to determine how every activity will be used to meet the required objectives. On the other hand, objectives are used to set indicators for measuring output and determining challenges that may have been faced. This allows time for every activity thus minimizing such distractions. Once activities have been allocated time, the next thing is to ensure that proper standards are followed to minimize errors and inefficiencies. My performance at work is impressive since I develop a work plan for all the activities that have to be done during the day. Markos Sridevi (2010, p. 91) suggests that such plans assist in quantifying the amount time to be spent on one activity and ensuring that human resources management are allocated according to the weight. Work plans have standards and objectives set based on organizational requirements to ensure that every activity that I engage in is in line with the overall goal of the organization. I use the indicators to determine the level of performance of each activity in line with the general goal. This allows me to balance between all the activities that I have and ensuring that I work on one task at a time (Baumruk Gorman, 2006). At the end of the day, I have a checklist that I use to confirm how I have performed during the day and how I can improve and make it better. Through flagging errors, points of distraction and wastes, I can increase efficiency at work. Furth er, I seek recommendations from my colleagues who assist in analyzing my work plan and achievements to identify points of improvement. With this, I can improve my work every day and develop new ways that can be used to increase performance. References Baumruk, R. Gorman, B., 2006. Why managers are crucial to increasing engagement. s.l.:Melcrum Publishing. Markos, S. Sridevi, S., 2010. Employee Engagement: The Key to Improving Performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), pp. 89-97. Smith, J., 2013. How To Avoid Distractions In The Workplace. Forbes, 20 June. Winter, J., Cotton, D., Gavin, J. Yorke, J. D., 2010. Effective e-learning? Multi-tasking, distractions and boundary management by graduate students in an online environment. ALT-J, Research in Learning Technology, 18(1), pp. 71-83.

Legacy free essay sample

Boyz II Men are exceptional, and I was so engrossed in their music that I purchased â€Å"Legacy: The Greatest Hits Collection.† Although many of the songs have been around for a while, they still capture my mind the same as when they were first released. The CD begins with â€Å"Motownphilly,† which feels out of place as the opener. Any other song would have been better, but it’s followed by the a cappella â€Å"It’s So Hard To Say Good-bye To Yesterday† and â€Å"In The Still Of The Night.† Then come many powerful ballads about love and heartbreak, like â€Å"End Of The Road† and â€Å"Water Runs Dry.† â€Å"One Sweet Day† features Mariah Carey in a very touching song about reuniting with a lost loved one. This song will make anyone who has gone through a loss cry with its dynamic lyrics. The members of Boyz II Men know how their voices best accentuate each other and use this knowledge to develop some of the best songs of our times. We will write a custom essay sample on Legacy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This collection is very compelling and can touch your heart but I recommend this album to everyone, not just romantics.

How to Do a Science Fair Project for School

How to Do a Science Fair Project for School Okay, you have a subject and you have at least one testable question. If you havent done so already, make sure you understand the steps of the scientific method. Try to write down your question in the form of a hypothesis. Lets say your initial question is about determining the concentration required for salt to be tasted in water. Really, in the scientific method, this research would fall under the category of making observations. Once you had some data, you could go on to formulate a hypothesis, such as: There will be no difference between the concentration at which all members of my family will detect salt in water. For elementary school science fair projects and possibly high school projects, the initial research may be an excellent project in itself. However, the project will be much more meaningful if you can form a hypothesis, test it, and then determine whether or not the hypothesis was supported. Write Down Everything Whether you decide on a project with a formal hypothesis or not, when you perform your project (take data), there are steps you can take to make the most of your project. First, write everything down. Gather your materials and list them, as specifically as you can. In the scientific world, it is important to be able to duplicate an experiment, especially if surprising results are obtained. In addition to writing down data, you should note any factors that could affect your project. In the salt example, it is possible that the temperature could affect my results (alter the solubility of salt, change the bodys rate of excretion, and other factors I might not consciously consider). Other factors you might note could include relative humidity, the  age of participants in my study, a list of medications (if anyone is taking them), etc. Basically, write down anything of note or potential interest. This information could lead your study in new directions once you start taking data. The in formation you take down at this point could make a fascinating summary or discussion of future research directions for your paper or presentation. Don't Discard Data Perform your project and record your data. When you form a hypothesis or seek the answer to a question, you probably have a preconceived idea of the answer. Dont let this preconception influence the data you record! If you see a data point that looks off, dont throw it out, no matter how strong the temptation. If you are aware of some unusual event that occurred when the data was being taken, feel free to make a note of it, but dont discard the data. Repeat the Experiment To determine the level at which you taste salt in water, you can keep adding salt to water until you have a detectable level, record the value, and move on. However, that single data point will have very little scientific significance. It is necessary to repeat the experiment, perhaps several times, to achieve significant value. Keep notes on the conditions surrounding a duplication of an experiment. If you duplicate the salt experiment, perhaps you would get different results if you kept tasting salt solutions over and over than if you performed the test once a day over a span of several days. If your data takes the form of a survey, multiple data points might consist of many responses to the survey. If the same survey is resubmitted to the same group of people in a short time span, would their answers change? Would it matter if the same survey was given to a different, yet seemingly, a  similar group of people? Think about questions like this and take care in repeating a project.

Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching Listening Advantages and Disadvantages

Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching Listening Advantages and Disadvantages Introduction Listening can be viewed as one of the most important skills that need to be acquired by learners in any language. It is one of the four skills that language learners acquire, and out of the four, it is one of the skills that are most frequently used by the individuals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching Listening: Advantages and Disadvantages specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most instructors teach listening and speaking simultaneously. However, it is noted that beginners in any language, and specifically those that are considered to be non-literate, need to be exposed to more listening than speaking processes, again making listening a vital part of learning any language (Bygate 2001). Rost (2002b) is of the view that instructors use many types of techniques and activities as they teach listening. These activities are more often than not informed by the needs and traits of their students. There are those activities where the learner is expected to produce a language and others where this production is not necessary. For example, a learner may be expected to physically react to commands that are given by the instructors (Rost 2002a). This is for example commands such as â€Å"please come here†. Just like there are many techniques that are used by the instructor in the teaching of listening skills, there are many forms of materials that the instructor can use to instil these skills on their learners. These materials are divided into two major categories; authentic and non-authentic materials (Hughes 2002). The latter are also referred to as scripted materials, given the fact that they are edited and specially prepared for the classroom. Debate has emerged as to the advantages and disadvantages of using authentic materials in teaching listening. There are those who argue that use of authentic materials in teaching listening is more beneficial both to the learners and to the instructors as compared to the use of scripted materials. On the extreme end of the continuum are those who argue that it is more beneficial to use scripted materials in teaching listening skills than to use authentic materials. Each of these schools of thought has justifications that they use to support their arguments.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This paper is going to look at the benefits and disadvantages of using authentic materials in teaching listening. The author is first going to look at the various definitions of authentic materials and the various sources of the same. The author will then look at the advantages of using these materials as compared to using scripted materials. The disadvantages of these materials will then be addressed, and these will mainly be the limitations that the instructors face as they incorporate these materials in their classrooms. Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching Listening: Benefits and Disadvantages Authenticity in the context of teaching has been defined variously. The various definitions depend on the philosophical orientations of the different scholars in this field. However, a common thread appears between these definitions, a thread depicted by the central theme of the definitions. A definition by Martinez (2002) is widely accepted in this field, and it is the one that is going to be adopted in this paper. Martinez (2002) conceptualizes authenticity in linguistics as a form of real language emanating from a real speaker or writer, language that targets a real audience. The language is also designed or structured in such a way that it conveys a real message of some nature (Tamo 2009). From this definition, it is easier for one to define authentic materials in the teaching of listening skills. Authentic texts, according to Yingmai (2005), are those written or spoken t exts that are targeted at native speakers of a given language. This is for example a conversation in English. This conversation can only be comprehended by English speakers, and the source of the conversation was targeting these speakers. As such, authentic texts are not specifically designed for the learners of the language in question, and this is one of the factors that set them apart from scripted texts. Whereas scripted texts are designed for the specific consumption of the learners of the language, authentic texts are designed for the native speakers of that language (Thanajaro 2000). Deriving from the discourse above, it is obvious that for a text to be considered as been authentic it must meet one major criteria; it should not have produced specifically for the aims of teaching a language (Thanajaro 2000).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching Listening: Advantages and Disadvantages specifically for you for only $1 6.05 $11/page Learn More For example, a radio interview between a celebrity and a presenter is not aimed at teaching the English language, but targeted at English speakers. However, this interview can be used to teach listening skills to a class of English learners. Riding on the definitions of authenticity that have been provided above, it is now possible to conceptualize the meaning of authentic materials in teaching listening. According to Ur (2005), these are elements of real language that are produced for the native speaker of the language and which are designed devoid of the intention of teaching the language to learners. When viewed from this pedestal, it becomes obvious that we are surrounded by a large amount of authentic materials, materials that we interact with in our daily life. This is for example the articles in newspapers and other print media, electronic broadcasts such as TV and internet productions and conversations between individuals in the socie ty, conversations that occur on a daily basis. These authentic materials can be used to teach listening skills within a classroom setting. For example, the instructor may make the learners listen to radio broadcasts and then act on the conversations between different individuals. As earlier indicated in this paper, this form of teaching listening skills has its advantages and disadvantages. These will be looked into in detail below: Advantages of Using Authentic Materials in Teaching Listening Scholars in this field agree that using these materials in teaching listening skills is beneficial to the learners, to the teachers and to the language in general as far as some aspects are concerned. This is regardless of whether the learners are foreign language speakers learning the language as their second or foreign language, or native speakers who are advancing their skills in the language. The benefits of these materials also extends to the advanced and beginners in the language. The fo llowing are some of the advantages:Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Learners are Exposed to Real Language Lingzhu and Yuanyuan (2010) concur that unlike scripted materials, authentic listening materials expose the learners to the real language. This is the language that is used in daily and real life of people who speak the language, or the natives. Lingzhu and Yuanyuan (2010) expound on this point by taking a look at the different features of the authentic and scripted listening materials that are used in the classroom setting. The different features can be condensed into four aspects of the two materials. These are as follows: Varying Redundant Features In authentic listening materials, the speakers more often than not use more words than necessary to convey their message (Luoma 2004). This is something that does not happen in scripted listening materials. According to Ur (2005), this is the redundant nature of authentic materials. Redundancy in authentic materials such as conversation can take various forms. This is for example repetition of phra ses and words, re-phrasing, tautologies among others (Lingzhu and Yuanyuan 2010). This is for example use of phrases that can be taken as meaningless, phrases such as umh, err, I mean and such others (Lingzhu and Yuanyuan 2010). Many scripted materials lack these features, despite the fact that they are common occurrences in daily conversations and interactions. As such, when the instructor uses authentic materials, the learners are exposed to this feature which is a reality of the language. Varying Grammatical Features It is a fact beyond doubt that differences exist between the authentic and scripted materials as far as their grammar is concerned. This is basically the variation between spoken and written language (Salehzaden 2006). For example, spoken language contains few subordinate clauses. Speakers also use incomplete sentences, an attribute that is uncommon in scripted materials (Lingzhu and Yuanyuan 2010). The vocabulary that is produced by speakers is less specific as comp ared to that of writers, and speakers tend to use interactive expressions such as mmh more than in written language (Lynch 2004). When the learners make use of authentic listening materials in their learning of listening skills, they are exposed to these features, and are thus able to adapt to the real language where they are used more easily. Varying Stylistic Features Authentic listening materials such as interviews and conversations are different from the scripted materials as far as their stylistic features are concerned. For example, they are more characterised by natural and spontaneous language that varies from one speaker to the other and from one dialect to the other (Lingzhu and Yuanyuan 2010). Authentic listening materials contain a lot of informal words, idioms and slangs that are not to be found in the scripted materials. It is important to expose the learners to these aspects of the real language to prepare them for the real world out there. Varying Environmental Featu res The environmental features of the authentic and the scripted listening materials also do vary. For example, authentic materials are characterised by a lot of background noise, which is filtered and more often than not eliminated in scripted materials (Flowerdew and Miller 2005). Ur (2005) and Anderson (2004) are of the view that noise is usually caused by interference which may be internal or external to the listener, interference that affects the listening and comprehension of the spoken language. Internal noise may be for example lack of attention on the part of the listener or the inability to comprehend the words spoken. External noise may be for example when a phrase is misused or misplaced by the speaker making it hard for the listener to comprehend (Boxer and Cohen 2004). Incorrect intonations and mispronunciations by the speaker may also be sources of external disturbance for the listener. As such, authentic materials expose the learner to this feature of the real world. Learners’ Motivation is Stimulated by the use of Authentic Listening Materials Research by scholars in this field have revealed that the use of authentic materials in teaching listening is more appealing to the learners as compared to the use of scripted materials (Wilson 2004). As earlier indicated, sources of authentic listening materials include newspapers, the internet and such other electronic media. These forms of media are mainly part and parcel of the popular culture in the society. This is given the fact that they carry materials that embodies popular culture in the society. This is for example interviews with celebrities, interviews that are contained in websites and on fashion magazines. These materials tend to be more appealing to the contemporary learner, especially for the youthful learners. As such, the materials are more effective in teaching these students. The authentic materials also tend to have content that is more current and as such relevant to the stu dents (Berardo 2006). For example, newspapers and television broadcasts contain more recent information than books that were written years ago. Internet articles are also updated regularly. As such, the gap between the students and the social reality in the world is bridged by authentic listening materials (Hwang 2005). The students therefore find these materials to be more interesting to interact with, and their experiences in this interaction are enriched. This enables them to acquire the listening skills easily and faster. Wang (2000) is of the view that learners who constantly receive the authentic listening input are better placed than their counterparts who receive scripted inputs. This is given the fact that the former will find it easier to communicate and interact with the native speakers of the language that they are learning in real life situations (Hwang 2005). This is as opposed to those students who make use of scripted listening materials, which are more often than no t out of touch with the reality. The true listening ability of the learners using the authentic listening materials is fully developed than that of those using scripted materials. This is given that the latter have to make adjustments between what they learn in class and what they encounter out there in the real world. Accumulation of the Learner’s Knowledge Rost (2002a) and Rost (2002b) contend that authentic listening materials have a wide range of information than the edited and scripted materials used for teaching listening such as books. The information contained therein covers many fields of the real world and of the human life. These topics range from popular culture such as music and films to more mundane topics such as geography and politics. As such, when the instructor makes use of these materials in teaching their students learning skills, they end up equipping their charges with more than just the ability to listen. This is an opportunity for the learners to accu mulate their knowledge on the world that they live in, the world outside the four walls of their classroom (Lingzhu and Yuanyuan 2010). Contrast this with the scripted materials like textbooks. These materials contain information that is limited to the listening needs of the students. Reflection of the Changes in the World As indicated earlier in this paper, authentic listening materials have contents that are regularly updated and as such reflect the reality of the social world. This content in extension reflects the changes that are taking place in the social world, the world within which the learners live (Yingmai 2005). It is erroneous to assume that the world within which we live is a static phenomenon. To the contrary, the social world is fluid in nature, with changes taking place in time and space. For example, the language that was used by the older generation in their teens has drastically changed, and the contemporary teenager speaks in a language full of slangs and idioms that are so unlike those used by their elders. Authentic listening materials reflect these changes in language and other attribute of the social world. As such, use of these materials has the advantage of keeping the students abreast of what is happening in the real world (Martinez 2002). Disadvantages of Using Authentic Materials to Teach Listening The advantages of using authentic materials in teaching listening are not without riding limitations and disadvantages that sometimes make it inappropriate to use them in the classroom. Some of these disadvantages are elaborated on below: Cultural Bias The materials, as much as they reflect the social reality of the world within which the learners exist, may be too culturally biased as to make no sense at all to the learners (Martinez 2002). This is especially so if the materials are used in their raw form with no editing or support to adapt them to the classroom environment. As such, the content of the materials may not make sense outs ide the culture within which the native speakers of the language exist. This attribute of the materials makes it very hard for learners of the language, especially those that are learning a foreign language, to benefit from the content of the authentic materials. For example, an interview with a pop idol in the United States of America may not make sense to a Russian learning the English language. This is given the fact that the content of the interview may be biased to the American culture, with the Russian been unable to connect with it. Similarly, the same interview with a teen idol may not make sense to an octogenarian in the United States of America who is working on advancing her English language. Difficulty of the Language It has been noted that authentic materials are rarely edited to accommodate the different needs and competence of different learners. This is given the fact that such editing may interfere with the authenticity of the material (Tamo 2009). As such, sometime s the language used in the materials may too hard to be comprehended by learners, especially those at elementary levels. The language of the materials may too complex for these learners. Take for example an interview with a market analyst, who keeps using jargon to refer to practices in their field. As much as this interview exposes the learners to the reality of the marketing field, the complex language may hamper the development of their listening skills (Beare 2011). Increased Learning Burden It is noted that some content of the authentic listening materials may be irrelevant to the learners (Berardo 2006). This increases the learning burden of the learners unnecessarily. Some words and phrases that are to be found in these materials are rarely used outside the context of the materials. For example, phrases and words that are used in a conversation between two music producers may not be used outside the context of the entertainment industry. This is especially so if the conversat ion is full of jargon and technical terms that apply only to the field. Lingzhu and Yuanyuan (2010) contend that some of the items in authentic materials such as vocabulary and phrases occur in low frequency in the real world. They may also be peripherally used in the real world, and the student may not come into contact with them again in the future (Ur 2005). As such, the significance of learning such items is lost to the student and to the instructor. This is especially so if the materials used contain a significantly large number of such items. Unavailability of the Materials There are instances where it is hard for the instructors and the learners to access authentic materials to use in the classroom. This is for example when the learners are engaged in learning a foreign language. Given that the language is foreign to the land and to the learning environment, coming into contact with such materials may be hard (Martinez 2002). For example, the instructor may find it hard to ac cess newspaper articles that are reported with the language that they are engaged in. The process of acquiring the authentic listening materials in such situations may be costly and time consuming both to the learners and to the instructors (Ur 2005). This makes the use of authentic listening materials in teaching an unattractive alternative to the learners and the teachers, as it is more costly than the use of script materials such as books. Conclusion The use of authentic listening materials in teaching listening has been embraced by many instructors and learners in contemporary society. This is given the many advantages that this form of learning has over the use of scripted materials. For example, the materials expose the learner to the real world, they reflect the changes in the world and they are more relevant to the learners. However, there are several disadvantages that make the use of this technique unattractive. This includes the irrelevancy of some of the items in the mat erials and the exorbitant costs that are incurred in accessing these materials by the learners and the instructors in some cases. However, when all the factors are considered, it appears that the use of authentic materials in teaching listening is more beneficial than it is costly. References Anderson, K 2004, Study Speaking, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Beare, K 2011, Appropriate Classroom Materials. [online]. Available from: http://esl.about.com/od/esleflteachertraining/a/t_approp.htm . Berardo, S A 2006, The Use of Authentic Materials in the Teaching of Reading, The Reading Matrix, 6(2): 23-27. Boxer, D and Cohen, A 2004, Studying Speaking to Inform Second Language learning, New York: Clevedon. Bygate, M 2001, Speaking, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Flowerdew, J and Miller, L 2005, Second Language Listening: Theory and Practice, London: London University Press. Hughes, R 2002, Teaching and Researching Speaking, London: London University Press. Hwang, C C 2005, Effect ive EFL Education through Popular Authentic Materials, Asian EFL Journal, 7(1), 7-11. Lingzhu, J and Yuanyuan, Z 2010, The Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching EFL Listening, Humanising Language Teaching, 12(4): 1290-1299. Luoma, S 2004, Assessing Speaking, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lynch, T 2004, Study Listening, Michigan: CUP. Martinez, A G 2002, Authentic Materials: An Overview. [online]. Available from: http://www3.telus.net/linguisticsissues/authenticmaterials.html . Rost, M 2002a, Teaching and Researching Listening, New York: Pearson. Rost, M 2002b, Listening in Language Learning, New York: Longman. Salehzaden, J 2006, Academic Listening Strategies: A Guide to Understanding Lectures, New York: Free Press. Tamo, D 2009, The Use of Authentic Materials in Classrooms. [online]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:CXX8xzTuuFYJ:www.lcpj.pro/skedaret/1277547736-74_pdfsam_LCPJ,%2520Per%2520shtyp.pdf+teaching+listening+using+authentic+materials%2Bdi sadvantageshl=engl=kepid=blsrcid=ADGEEShq0r-xrnzkzZaZdAcwgTWOB6JhdJwh-frcS9CetVUlkm0LC13YY9W7UIPQIVIjDOO6roC2Aj202Cxn-wogB6nZWKeyPuj5Q9qonw4BTRmybiNDDWRZCCY1NDZhqtU21E_DDJF-sig=AHIEtbQa_GO31xcOTcCCEs5ltcqrgtBsXg . Thanajaro, M 2000, Using Authentic Materials to Develop Listening Comprehension in the English as a Second Language Classroom. [online]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:zBI58TPdtioJ:202.28.199.34/multim/9974216.pdf+teaching+listening+using+authentic+materialshl=engl=kepid=blsrcid=ADGEESgHGrWX_oROwV6uj9PWwywRjUKubEdpcefZ09p8WiycxMtBMyVqxVDlzc3K4yiUhxnuC0-MXDFycepIvTBmplcfxWjZilJCH6sS4EzEh1m9TwmxbTekYllkFsYj64hpPJlaL817sig=AHIEtbT2mBXLdbsi3_95PVp7TT6_Oo1uNA . Ur, P 2005, Teaching Listening Comprehension, New York: Cambridge University Press. Wang, Q 2000, English Teaching Methodology, Beijing: Beijing Higher Education Press. Wilson, R 2004, Supporting Speaking and Listening, London: London University Press. Yingmai, M 2005, Authentic Materials in th e Course of Interpretation, US-China Foreign Language, 3(11), 69-73.

Event analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Event analysis - Essay Example However, one evening the warehouses and storage manager forgot to switch-on the refrigerating system before installing fruits and vegetables which lead to spoilage. One possible solution to the problem is through the context of change management. Management change is currently one of major domains of organisational research, and the study of organisational change has become one of the major aspects in being able and helping to measure the organisation performance; efficiency and effectiveness. It is important to understand the extent to which formal changes in management systems and role prescriptions have resulted in change in work behaviour and job satisfaction experienced by personnel (Manser, 2004). It is thus essential, when attempting to assess the impact of formally espoused changes within an organisation, to examine the extent to which, and the way in which, managers have adapted new forms of work behaviour in accordance with the new managerial role perceptions. According to Waters (1996) ever since people started to work together to reach a common goal, operations management has been an important ingredient, but since the industrial revolution, it has grown most rapidly. Operations management is the tool behind the technical improvements that makes production efficient. It is the way to plan and organize how the technology and machinery will be utilized the most. The productivity in an organization depends on both the right technology and the right way to manage it (Waters, 1996). However, TQM can be a success or failure depending on how well it is planned, implemented, measured, and encouraged. Few would disagree that continuous improvement offers substantial benefits for manufacturers (McNamara, 1999). As a basic tenet of TQM, continuous improvement can enable manufacturers to meet the competitive pressures of the global economy head-on, and to develop strategies for

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning Research Paper

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning - Research Paper Example Express Vending LLC is a privately-held company in Florida that has a head office and a small warehouse in the area of North Miami Beach in Florida. There are four investors of the company i.e. Jessica Smith, Jones Patrick, Margaret Florence and Michelle D’Souza. Jessica Smith and Jones Patrick are the co-founders who have both an experience in the vending machine industry and have the expertise in running an entrepreneurial business. Margaret Florence has proficiency in the financial industry as she has worked for two well-known financial institutions in the last ten years and Michelle D’Souza will bring her marketing, operational and management skills to the company for ensuring that the business operations are smooth and effective. Once Express Vending LLC is successful in its local market, it will expand into the European market as it is vast and has a lot of opportunities for growth. Currently, the European market has a limited number of companies who are offering their customers reasonably priced machines and equipment for their restaurants; hence, the company will target those customers who are looking for innovative and top quality vending machines and equipment for the food and beverage at prices that are affordable by them. â€Å"The mission of Express Vending LLC is to be the dominant company in both the vending machine and the restaurant equipment industries by providing easy access to a wide range of unique, high quality and innovative products at reasonable prices. We believe that we will be successful in meeting the needs of our customers by developing close contacts with them so that we have cordial relations with them. Express Vending LLC will earn adequate stream of profits from its operations so that stability can be sustained and even finance the future growth avenues. We will ensure that all our business operations are conducted in an ethical

Percy Jackson and the Olympians Essay Example for Free

Percy Jackson and the Olympians Essay This fiction book takes you on the adventures of the twelve year old Percy Jackson as he discovers who he really is. Being a demigod, a child of a Greek god and a mortal woman, Percy is in for the ride of his life. Percy Jackson is not what you would consider to be normal; aside from having ADHD and dyslexia strange things just seem to happen to him and no one seems to understand. His last epidemic was while on a field trip to a local art museum in New York his pre-algebra teacher, Mrs. Dodd, attacked him revealing that she was one of three Furies; he ended up getting expelled making this the sixth boarding school to kick him out. Now up until recently he believed the legends he heard in his Latin class about the Greek gods were just stories but lately he has started to reconsider. Scared and confused he is sent back to his mom, Sally Jackson, and his step-father, Gabe. Gabe has always hated Percy and to be completely honest Percy looks at him as a lazy, drunk, gabling mess that has no respect for anyone but himself, but Percy’s mom lets Gabe mistreat her saying, â€Å"he provides for the family Percy its fine. Sensing the confusion and even anger in Percy’s countenance Sally decides to take him to Long- Island for a three day vacation. The cabin they stay in holds so many memories about Percy’s father that he asks questions about him even though he already knows the answer. Sally answers†¦.. Cautiously because if Percy found out his father was a Greek god he would become a very big target and for Percy’s safety she keeps her answers vague. Sally can sense Percy isn’t telling her what really happened at school but she doesn’t pry she just keeps saying if you want to talk I’m here. After a long day Sally and Percy find their way to bed. Percy, just lying there unable to sleep, starts to wonder what his dad was like, what his best friend Grover is doing, and if he didn’t have such a terrible step-dad his life would be so much easier. And just when he started to slip off into unconsciousness he heard a very loud banging at the door. Both Sally and Percy awoke with a start; who could be at the door in the dead of night? Sally ran to the door to find Grover Underwood, Percy’s best friend from Yancy Academy, standing in the rain with a look of fear in his face. At first Percy is ecstatic to see him but soon he realizes that something is very wrong. Grover is a satyr and is very in tune with the Greek god world unlike Percy and was sent to protect Percy. Grover came to warn Sally that the Furies were after Percy and that they had to get Percy to Camp Half-Blood as soon as possible. Sally pushes the boys to the car and drives as fast as she can. Percy having no idea what is going on and so Grover explains where they are going. He says Camp Half- Blood is a camp for kids that are demigods so they can train and be protected from the monsters of the underworld. Then as they approach the camp something smashes their car sending them flying through the air the boys and Sally start running for the trees, where just beyond the tree line lays the camp. As the start up the hill a minotaur grabs Sally and squeezes her into a fine gold powder. Distraught Percy charges the minotaur and heads up breaking one of the horns off and the minotaur runs off into the woods; while the boys narrowly escape to the camp. With Percy knowing so little about his dad he does not know who his father is and stays in the Hermes Cabin, under Luke Castellan. The kids seem nice but Percy really doesn’t understand what he is in for. One night they are playing a game of capture the flag when Percy gets wounded. As he is stumbling around he steps in the stream and is instantly healed and green tridents appear above his head, revealing he is the son of Poseidon, the god of the sea. This would be a bad thing if the gods hadn’t made an oath to stop having children; but the camp cheered and congratulated Percy on this discovery. Now that the camp knew who Percy’s father was they could better explain who he was and what he was capable of doing. After training for the entire summer Chiron, Percy’s mentor suggested that Percy should be granted a quest. Percy accepted and chose Grover and Annabeth, a friend he made at camp, to take the journey with him. The quest required the kids to find the entrance to the Underworld, find Zeus’s master bolt and return it before the summer Solstice. The kids encountered monsters, other gods, and the Furies all which seemed to be no challenge for this group of kids which became the best of friends. Now I’m not going to tell you the ending of this book because you can read it for yourself but it’s amazing how three unlikely eople can come together to achieve great things. This book was very exciting once I started reading it, I could not put it down. This book obviously is fiction and is kind of contradictory to Christian beliefs as in more than one God so I wouldn’t recommend the book because of that; but if you can keep in mind that it is just a story it is a extremely exciting book .

Dale Earnhardt Essay -- Biography Biographies Bio

Dale Earnhardt grew up in automotive racing. Ever since he was a kid that is what his family did, and now his family carries on that legacy. Dale Earnhardt grew up in Kannapolis, North Carolina, a textile mill town. His father, Ralph Earnhardt, was known as "Iron heart" on the short-track racing circuit, and he taught Dale how to drive stock cars and work with engines. His father had converted a barn behind the family home into a garage, and he was well known for his skill with engines. Earnhardt's earliest memory is of watching his father race. Dale dropped out of high school after the eighth grade because he tried ninth grade twice and just couldn't do it. After he dropped out, Dale worked odd jobs, drove dirt tracks, and also argued with his father, which wanted him to complete high school. Dale became most famous with his black Monte Carlo with a dominate # 3 in white on it, but his first dirt track car was a 1956 hot-pink ford Sedan, which his neighbors gave to him, David and Ray Oliver. His father Ralph had built the engine, and some other friends, Frank and Wayne Dayvault and their cousin Gregg, tuned it. They int ended to paint the car avocado green, but a paint mishap resulted in the car being pink. They could not afford to repaint it, and Dale raced the pink car on dirt tracks around Charlotte, North Carolina. Dale married for the first time at 17, and at age 18 had a son, Kerry. Dale divorced his first wife at 19 and married a second time to Brenda. This marriage would last five years before he divorced again. Dale had two children with his second wife, a daughter, Kelley, and a son, Dale Jr., who would both followed him into racing. While Dale was at the age of twenty two his father died from a heart attack. Earn... ...nto the steering column of the car. Dale's legions of fans mourned his loss deeply, creating shrines and memorials all over the country, particularly in his hometown of Mooresville. Bechtel quoted long-time friend H.A. Wheeler, who said, "Here's a kid who came from the bottom, worked hard for everything he got and didn't have any airs about him . . .. Truck drivers, dockworkers, welders and shrimp-boat captains loved that. He was everything they dreamed about being." I believe that Dale Earnhardt was the greatest stock car driver there was and ever will be. He was down to earth and didn't let money or fame stop him from connecting with his fans. Dale has done many great things with his life, and also great things with the community and the people that followed him thought his racing career. Dale was a role model to many and other drivers looked up, and respected him.

Classic Pen Co. Case

Classic Pen Co. Case In the past Classic Pen Company had been the low-cost producer of black and blue pens and had profit margins over 20% of sales. Over the last five years Pen Co. decided to start producing red and purple pens. They require the same basic production technology but can be sold at 3% and 10% premium selling prices. Sales Manager Dennis Selmor is just seeing the financial results and is not happy with the numbers. The first issue that Pen Co. is facing is their decline in profitability. Even though the numbers show the red and purple pens are more profitable individually (red 14. %, purple 18. 2%), the overall return on sales is declining (13. 5%). A second issue that Pen Co. has is the issue of addition of resource costs. It requires a substantial amount of time for physical changeover of production from one colour pen to another. Particularly changing from another colour to red. The final issue Pen Co. faces is the increase of costs related to scheduling and purchas ing activities. Most of the indirect labour costs and computer system costs are related to scheduling and purchasing.Pen Company’s declining profitability could be based on the amount of the company’s overhead. They have determined overhead to be 300% of direct labour costs, when previously the overhead cost was only 200%. The make-up of this overhead is indirect labour, fringe benefits, computer systems, machinery, maintenance, and energy. The reason for such a large increase in overhead is because of the higher demand for indirect costs due to the addition of more complex and specialized products. While the cost for direct labour per one unit is the same for each colour of pen produced.The cost for indirect labour is made up of three different activities: 50% for handling production runs ($10,000), 40% for physical changeover or set up costs ($8,000), and 10% for maintaining records or parts administration ($2,000). The cost for computer systems is made up of two act ivities: 80% for production run activities ($8,000), and 20% for record keeping or parts administration ($2,000). Finally the remaining indirect costs are the machinery ($8,000), maintenance ($4,000), and energy ($2,000).These are all used to supply the machine with the capacity to produce the pens with a total of $14,000. Overall Classic Pen Co. must improve upon several areas of demand in order to increase its profitability similar to what it had been in the past. They need to increase their planning and try to adjust their current planning system and organizing. They could invest in more computers to increase the amount of scheduling being done by computers and as a result lower their indirect labour costs.Finally I recommend they should invest in some more machines to produce the different colour pens in. This would have a high cost of capital but would eventually save the company money in the labour cost and time required for the physical changeover between colours Calculation Page Indirect LabourMachine Support Handling Production Runs = 10,000Machinery = 8,000 Set Up = 8,000Maintenance = 4,000 Parts Administration = 2,000Energy = 2,000 Fringe Indirect Labour = 8,000Total = 14,000 Computer SupportFringe for Direct LabourHandling Production Runs = 8,000Fringe = 8,000 Parts Administration = 2,000 Total Overhead = 60,000 Calculating Activity Rate Activities| Activity Cost| Cost Driver #| Calculation| Activity Rate| 1) Handling PR| 22,000| 150| 22,000/150| 146. 67 / Run| 2) Set Up| 12,000| 526| 12,000/526| 22. 81 / Hour| 3) Parts Admin. | 4,000| 4| 4,000/4| 1000 / Product| 4) Machine Support| 14,000| 10,000| 14,000/10,000| 1. 4 / Hour| 5) Fringe DL| 8,000| 20,000| 8,000/20,000| 0. 4 / DL Cost| Total| 60,000| | | |

Houston Police Internship Essay

1. While at my hpd internship I was asked to do multiple task such as deliver mail, send out packages, organize and file documents according to date and time, conduct background check, record information, conduct surveillance handling evidence, helping organize various events, file case files, fax subpoenas, and seizures My internship Daily duties mostly consisted of helping the agents and working in the mail room. I learned how to handle different responsibilities such as delivering mail and sending out packages. In the mail room I also learned how to file open cases and how they disposes of closed case files from previous years that are no longer needed. Also I helped reorganized the current files to make space for upcoming future case files. Sometimes my duties were to conduct background checks. I was given the task to locate the most recent information on subjects to whom which agents are doing research on. There was certain type of information that the agents wanted me to record so that it would help them further there investigation. At times I would help agents put subpoenas together for certain cases. They would then enter the subpoenas into the computer so that they could be on file. Once the information was entered into the computer I then proceeded to fax each separate subpoena to its destination. Faxing the subpoena is just the same as if the officer was serving it personally. Once faxed and confirmed the subpoena then becomes official. Once I was done faxing the subpoenas I then had to confirm the date and time and record it so that it can become on file for future reference. 2. While at my intern I was asked to do multiple task such as deliver mail, organize and file documents according to date and time, conduct background checks and record information, conduct surveillance and note any suspicious activity. These are task I did on a daily bases. 3. All tasks I was asked to do I completed because my intern was from 9:00am-5:30pm which gave me plenty of time to finish task and begin new ones. Each day I arrived to work I would wait for which ever group I would be working in that particular day to assign me a task. Usually it would be something simple that wouldn’t take much time. I would be done with most tasks by lunch time. 4. I feel I left my intern with an extremely good reputation. I know that it will help me when I begin to apply for multiple agencies. Everybody within hpd was very appreciative of the help I provide and noted that if I needed any referrals in the future to contact them. 5. The one network source I developed at hpd whom was from my hometown. Prior to hpd he was a police officer (Birmingham, AL) and referred me to people whom he thought could help me get started on becoming a police officer. He said it was a great start for him and if I really wanted to start there he would use all his connections to get me a job so that I could begin gaining experience. 6. I learned a lot of things from having my Internship. I learned that it’s a great career to have but in order to be successful you have to put in a lot of time and dedication. I had the opportunity to sit down and talk to the hpd Recruiter. He provided me with a lot of great information on how to successfully become a police officer. He informed me on all the possible options I could take in order to reach my goal and gain experience. He mentioned such things such as joining the military, applying at a local police dept., and/or joining border patrol. He even mentioned that I should consider going back to school to obtain my Master’s Degree which would put my ahead of all the other hpd applicants. With the information he provided me I learned that there are many opportunities within the hpd. I feel with my hard work and determination I could reach my goal. 7. Honestly everything I did was educational. Nothing more could have been time to make my time there more educational. I was taught new things on a daily bases and learned things I feel can’t be taught at any college or university. I learned so many thing that most people would not been able to. I worked in an environment that so few are allowed to work in. I had the chance to to attend a meeting that was attended by officials from different agencies and organizations. This meeting was to introduce new procedures such as drug testing and prevention at work and school. Also being introduced at the meeting to the officials were various new drugs that were starting to become popular among kids and adults such as synthetic marijuana and bath salts. I also had the opportunity to attend the Tactical Training Exercise. This training exercise was also very educational. It was held at the Houston Police Dept. Training Headquarters. These are training exercises that that they go through on a monthly basis. They are showed different techniques on how to enter and clear rooms. Theses training exercises are done to keep the agents current with all the different types of situations they may encounter when entering a home during an operation. Today I had the opportunity to be able to view an operation conducted by local agencies. Once the location was safe and secure agents then were able to conduct their investigation. While the investigation was taking place be federal agents, local law enforcement conducted background checks on all individuals whom were inside the location doing the time of the search warrant. Once the agents finished their investigations and interviews they then loaded all evidence so that it could be processed. All the individuals inside were either release or arrested based on their background check. 9. My intern was a great experience and I cannot recall a day to where I did not want to be there. I was fortunate enough to obtain this internship and hope that I will benefit from in after I graduate. I wish in the near future that more students will have the same opportunity I’ve had so that they can also learn and educate themselves on the potentials of what having a career with the Houston Police Dept.

tradition vs modern essays

tradition vs modern essays The terms 'traditional ¡ and 'modern ¡ are so often used in conversation, and also in reference to Society, that it is a good exercise to consider what these terms do mean in a comparative light. Berman in All that is solid melts in air puts forward an interesting set of ideas in the comment that people who live in traditional ways, or in modern ones, can almost be said to occupy different states of mind. For instance, a full 500 years have passed since some peoples first met up with the influences of the more modern Western world. (1988, pp. 15-16) However, in many cases, the adjustment has still not been made, and the conflict of what is traditional and what is modern continues to occur with different impacts upon the individual, as well as the society in which he or she lives which is apt to reflect an ongoing conflict. For example, it could be said that what is lived in a remote western Chinese village differs very much from the experience that is given to human beings by life in New York City. It would be easy to state that the former was very 'backward ¡ or just very different from what is imparted by New York City, but obviously, this contrast cannot be made too neatly. The modern has arrived in mainland China, little by little, over centuries. On the other hand, what is modern or 'foreign ¡ has not been absorbed completely, and varies greatly from place to place in China. Furthermore, the systems under which modern influence did begin to arrive happened to be different from those which produced modernity in the West. In the traditional society of mainland China, western influence came only in a trickle for some time, only to coastal or other directly affected areas during the centuries of attempted European colonization of China, and afterwards, only according to what a Communist re gime has permitted to take root in the country. The dichotomy of convention also does not give much time to just what was introduc...

Definition of the Ability to Pay Principle

Definition of the Ability to Pay Principle Definition: The ability to pay principle is the widely held view that the amount of taxes someone pays should increase as their income increases. Terms related to The Ability to Pay Principle: Progressive Tax About.Com Resources on The Ability to Pay Principle: Should Income Tax Rates Depend on Lifetime Earnings?Are Sales Taxes More Regressive Than Income Taxes?Do Richer People Pay a Higher Proportion of Tax Under a Flat Tax? Writing a Term Paper? Here are a few starting points for research on The Ability to Pay Principle: Books on The Ability to Pay Principle: Federal Taxation - Basic Principles Journal Articles on The Ability to Pay Principle: Ability-to-Pay Taxation as Discriminatory Pricing of Government ServicesA Re-Examination of the Use of Ability to Pay Taxes by Local GovernmentsThe Welfare Cost of Capital Income Taxation

Research methods (inferential methods) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Research methods (inferential methods) - Essay Example It is possibly influenced by the intervening variable as well. Unit of Analysis: Whereas the independent variable is nominal and can only take the value of either Science or otherwise, the dependent variable is ordinal. This can be divided into a five point scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Since the response to this study and the assessment of the study is on individuals, this has to be looked at as individual cases. The dependent variable can become continuous while interpreting. Sampling: The sampling size can be a larger fraction of the population because the target population is smaller. Of the science graduates nearly 20% of them can be taken up as samples. Only then the results will also be dependable. The sampling has to be random within a stratification formed ideally of genders. Validity: The survey will be valid if the assumption is right. That is, to say, if the people are not travelling in public transport or do not walk down to the university, then they are lazy is right. Under this condition, the survey will hold good. However, this could be questioned by the intervening variable that has already been set. The above graph indicates the age distribution in the Bradford 041A area. The above graph indicates that the demographic shift is moving towards more of middle aged and older people in the Bradford 041A region. ... This shows that the terraced bungalows are the most common ones in the region. The above graph indicates the economic activity of the Bradford 041A region. This indicates there are a larger number of economically active people who are working full time and the self employed or enterpreneural spirit is in a few people comparitively which is even less than the unemployed. 3. Survey questions Survey 1: Sampling mobile opinion - postcard questionnaire survey The topic chosen for the survey is very interesting. The methodology has been designed very well. Generally post card surveys may not give the adequate response for a number of reasons that are beyond the control of the researcher. For instance, there could be a set of postcards that might have been responded well but may not have reached the researcher due to the vagaries of the postal system or might not been dropped in the post box due to negligence or forgetfulness. When we employ the FARCE system, F, A & R might be correct and well designed but the aspects of engaging and connecting (C & E) with the respondent is not there. Hence the level of accuracy is certainly less. The advantage with this system is that not much of time and energy is expended by the researcher. Survey 2: Conference survey of professionals - online survey With the advent of internet, this is one of the most popular surveys undertaken by researchers. The advantages are many: Firstly, the reach is far and wide and the survey can be completed in a few days time. Secondly the analytical part of the survey is also done immediately. This sort of a survey is a sophisticated form of the postcard survey. The only difference is that, in the 'FARCE' context, F, A, R & C is taken in to account and E may or may not be left out. E can

Not sure yet Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Not sure yet - Scholarship Essay Example I am very confident that this scholarship opportunity will offer me the right package to fulfill my dream. My career goals include balancing work with other personal activities, acquiring sufficient expertise in my field so that I may start my hospital, choosing a hobby I am passionate about, managing time properly, and saving enough money to enjoy a comfortable retirement. My greatest inspiration is the passion I have for the course. The second one is my good academic performance coupled with massive experiences gathered over time because I used to volunteer in childcare and adult centers. Coming from a low-income family, I lack enough cash flow to allow me support my college expenses. I need to work to support myself, the family and also to pay my college education. Financial hardships I am experiencing demand that I will work at least a day in a week to meet my necessities such as food, book and gas expenses, even if am awarded the scholarship. Even though I obtained a loan through financial aid, I still need financial assistance to enable me concentrate in order to keep my grades high. Coming from a family of four, coupled with the fact that my husband too has a low-income job, we have to contribute to meet family bills. My family is very supportive of my pursuit for education, and this too is one of my sources of motivation. Having to work to raise some income is a great challenge regarding my pursuit for education. My family has decided to forego entertainment and vacation for some time to save some money for my necessities. Despite many challenges, I still managed to achieve an excellent academic performance. I managed to attain a GPA of 3.45 in my last semester at school. I have also tried to save some money for my education. In addition, I took out a personal loan and still I am not able to cover this $40,000 program. I also got good grades are my high school. Money situations forced me to put my life on hold despite the high

Dynamics of Hospitality Industry Management assignment

Dynamics of Hospitality Industry Management - Assignment Example The study further concludes recommending few noteworthy measures which shall be beneficial for both the organisations in obtaining adequate competencies when aiming at sustainability through effective Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices. Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary 2 1.0Introduction 4 2.0 Brief Background 5 2.1 Westin Hotel Macau 5 2.2 Mission Statement 5 3.0Brief Background 6 3.1 Hilton Hotel 6 3.2 Mission Statement 6 4.0 Comparative Analysis on Environmental Aspects and Sustainable Business Practices 7 4.1 Water Wage Management 7 4.2 Food Wastage Management 8 4.3 Recycling Process as well as Initiatives 9 5.0 Identification of Gaps 10 5.1 Gap in Cultural Aspects 10 5.2 Gap in Terms of Resources 11 5.3 Gap in Mission as Well as Objective 11 5.4 Gap in Utilisation of Country Resources 12 7.0 Recommendations 13 Reference List 14 Bibliography 17 1.0 Introduction In the modern day context, the hospitality industry has emerged as a major economic dimension in the gl obal platform being directly related with the tourism and the transportation sectors. Subsequently, with the rising complexities in the various dimensions of hospitality industry, the management approach adopted in this context has also become quite challenging in the current era (Clayton W. Barrows and Tom Powers 2008 ) Among the identified challenges in this context, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be illustrated as one of the significant issues witnessed by hotel when practicing hospitality management, apart from being influences by rising environmental concerns and competitive forces. CSR can be defined as the notion focused on accomplishing mercantile success through ethical values as well as respecting the people, communities as well as natural surroundings which constitute of company stakeholders. In this particular juncture there has been no universally accepted definition, but overall it can be defined that doing business ethically imposes positive impacts on the society as well as on the environment which is the core social responsibility of any organisation (William Smith Clark 2006). Emphasising on these aspects, the discussion henceforth intends to perform a comparative analysis of two globally renowned hospitality companies, i.e. the Westin Hotel Macau and Hilton Hotels, in the context of the strategies applied by these organisations towards sustainable development of the society and to create a better world taking special concern on communities as well as environment through the effective implementation of CSR strategies. 2.0 Brief Background 2.1 Westin Hotel Macau The Westin Hotel Macau is a part of Starwood Hotels Group (SHG) which comprises a chain of 185 Westin Hotels as well as resorts globally. Westin Hotel Macau is one of the leading luxury resorts situated in Greater China since 1985. The 208 rooms comprising hotel is positioned within a picturesque site to give the visitors long lasting and memorable experiences. To differenti ate its services, the hotel has been providing a lavish variety of amenities as well as services, such as individually controlled air conditioned accommodation, satellite and cable programs, restaurants and bars, frivolous and sports facilities that includes swimming pools, ocean driving assortment, aqua aerobics, child care room and book library among others. In addition,

Education + Parents involvement Essay Example for Free

Education + Parents involvement Essay Childhood carries a similar attitude for all the children [boys and girls] unto the age 3 years in respect of play, fun and learning. A careful study of Montessori education reveals that the child develops learning, reading and a domestic-kind of assignment as a workshop, tells a lot about the child within three years. This is irrespective of the gender. Reading skills are picked up by children only in this age. Influence on Early childhood education World Literacy of Canada (WLC) approach to early childhood education programming in recent years has been the Early Years of Study This study of Reversing the Real Brain Drain (published in 1999) by Hon. Margaret Norrie McCain and Dr.J.Fraser Mustard. The findings are: Need for early childhood development programs based on the new understanding of brain development in the early years of and its effect on subsequent learning, behavior and health for individuals. First three years of a child, sets the stage for competence and coping skills for the later stages of life. Need for more integrated framework for early child development and parenting support. Recommendations for parental guidance: Parents must be provided with awareness, support and skills for the early development of their children. Build relation with children. Undertake programs to parents and educators to learn new ways to nurture children and develop responsive relationships between adults and children. Participation of parents in children’s programs. ï‚ § Interactive and supportive learning system with children along with parents. ï‚ § Active role with children in play and reading at home. ï‚ § Create a safe and friendly environment for children. ï‚ § Create programs where children of all backgrounds and abilities will feel loved and valued – this will stimulate brain development, learning and self-confidence. ï‚ § Play-based learning, and problem solving for young children under the guidance of educators and parents. Resources of early childhood development ï  ¶ Toy and resource libraries ï  ¶ Nutrition programs ï  ¶ Cultural events for children .e.g mobile toy book lending libraries ï  ¶ Theme-based learning ï  ¶ Play-kits. Special efforts and care for parents who are isolated to participate and benefit from the program. Create an awareness that children are part of social structure and emphasis on early childhood development. Parents involvement and its influence on achievement of Reading by students. The approach of the parent towards children is of similar kind with regard to education. Parents who stay-at-home moms can dedicate more time for motivating children in their reading habits especially to boys, by studying their interests and by discussing the topics which will detail about their approach to reading habits. Compelling boys to read for a certain hours of a day, forcibly, would not derive maximum results, as some parents believe. Instead motivation and allowing the boys to think and re-think about themselves, is certainly an achievement for the parents in the long run for developing reading habits. Today’s tech-savvy days also stand as a hindrance to the attainment of reading habits to children. The reason being, an easy access to television, computer, internet, video games, cartoon movies has enabled the children to move away from books, which is not at all a good ground for school education. Parental guidance with teacher’s support is the only solution for imbibing reading habits to children. For instance, the recent ‘Harry Potter’ novels have created a large amount of selling of books around the world. Harry Potter, movies as well as books have been sold by publishers. This includes readers of all ages, including adolescents. †¢ Sorcerer’s Stone †¢ Chamber of Secrets †¢ Prisoner of Ascaban †¢ Goblet of fire This is a relevant example, that children do read books, based on fiction, magic and fun. When it comes to the reading of curriculum, children may not feel as interesting as the fiction is. There is still scope for creating energy and interest among the students, and it mostly rests on the shoulders of parents and teachers. The precious hours of study of students are in the environment of school. The core area for their their learning activity and personality development. Students depict 60 percent effect of their school, while the parental guidance is only 40 percent. Most of the part what they are is shaped only in school. It is a well-known fact that parents and teachers work together to bring the best out of the students. How can parents tell if teachers are doing a good job?   Ed World’s â€Å"Principal Files† team members offer their perspective. Included: Look at the work students bring home and â€Å"the hard sell†. Parents communication with teachers is the key ingredient to the parents to know how their children are studying in the school. Term Grade papers, newsletters give a correct picture of students performance. According to Principal Nina Newlin â€Å"A teacher who has a good relationship with students is likely to be a regular parent informant†. nformation can be through email, telephone but there is a genuine concern about events in classroom to inform to the parents.. Mostly students evaluate a good’ teacher. Parents are also are guided by students in getting answers for their questions.   Students are always honest in answering to the questions of parents about the events in the classroom. Conversation at dinner table, a look at home work or a independent activity given, suggest to the parents, the performance of their children. A prompt check over the assignments is very important duty on the part of parents for the overall efficiency of the student. It also discloses a fact to the student that he/she is being monitored closely and there’s no opportunity to haywire. Many schools follow the procedure of being fair in classroom rules and procedures, tough in standards of performance, and fun in learning and classroom lessonsâ€Å"follow them home† wherever it is required.   Visiting school premises and watching students in the classroom also gives a true picture and to the satisfaction of the parents.   Volunteering also helps parent-teacher community to train the students for maximum achievements in their academic pursuit. Ultimately, if the student is happy and active in and out of learning area, it is learnt by the parent that the student is learning and happy in school area. What are effective steps for boys literacy with the involvement of parents Many child psychologists agree that adaptation of psychological methods to motivate children in inculcating reading habits, would certainly bring about a change in the development of boys. A thorough, methodical and continuous assistance of the parents is required, without imposing any punishments but rewards for one-to-one achievements that a child is prompted to do. In other words, ‘if you read this particular book and tell me’ ‘a reward would be a candy or a snack of your choice’. To this many child psychologists agree. Children are more smarter than parents. Therefore, parents must never let the children know that they are indirectly pursuing the children towards the concept of ‘sit with books for hours and read’, instead an idea of ‘helping hand’ or an atmosphere of an activity should be created. Parents can also prepare a long-term plan for improving the reading habits, by maintaining a statistical record of hours of reading spent by the child. This will also give a clear picture to the parent, whether the goal is being attained. A good amount patience, having a great understanding about the child, likes and dislikes, dos and don’ts, individual perception of the child towards the environment, study of personality will truly help the parent to remove the lacunae in the child. Particularly in the case of boys, in their adolescence they are action oriented. In other words, play indoor games, outdoor games, video games, watch movies, ride bikes, are some of the areas of interest for a large number of boys. A good and plain discussion with boys, about their activities outdoor, at school or college, a bit of guidance, without involving any argumentative statements, will direct the boys to ‘the thinking area’ of their own attainments and to reach set goals. A good friend for a boy should be made available ‘at home itself’ and that is none other than the ‘parent’. Many experts on education made the research study on boys reading habits. They formed an opinion that, boys mostly feel reading is an activity done by girls. Thus, boys are trailing behind the girls. A recent study in Canada, published in ‘Reading Manitoba’ found that 76% of the boys interviewed did not see reading as a feminine activity, and 73% enjoyed reading. Experts opine that offering the choice of material according to the boys interest, would be a good solution in achieving reading habits to the boys. Conclusion Education for children all over the world carries a great importance. Nations which are developed have more advanced sources for imparting education viz., Australia, Newzealand, U.S., Britain.   An analysis of education states that, many parents opt education overseas instead of domestic education. The reason being, parents believe, that the overseas curriculum is extensive, focusing the student to many aspects of education. Although this is partly true, the domestic education shapes the students [K-12] and effective methods of imparting education and touching the interests areas of students must be developed. For instance., domestic projects, like ‘how to do laundry’ ‘how to be a good host’ ‘attend a super market’, these will outline the interests of a students and reveal so much of personality from the students. Based on the results, parents and teachers can study their interests, and accordingly encourage them reading habits in those areas, thereby students also begin to learn to be active.   Modern day system of education, is such as mushroom of notes and homework, internals, exams, to some extent children also feel agitated over the system of education and lose the interest in studies. Adding to this, if parents emphasise more on reading, they catch the boredom and flee to find fund moments elsewhere, which is a common factor among students.   Finally to conclude, a change in system of education, close monitoring by parents and teachers will only lead the children back to the good old days of reading comics, enid blytons, phantom or sherlock holmes. www.worldlit.ca http://www.liamodonnell.com/. Article by Gary Hopkins,Education World ® Copyright  © 2004 Education World

Isaac Newton :: Essays Papers

Sir Isaac Newton developed calculus, natural forces, and optics. Newton was born on Christmas Day in 1642. His father had died before he was born, but he was still given his father's name (Westfall 17). Isaac stayed with his grandparents when his mother went to live with her second husband. While living with his grandparents he attended day school nearby (Westfall 17). After his grandmother died and Newton was seventeen, his mother took him out of school and brought him back to the family farm. She tried to teach him how to run the farm and manage the estate; this was a failure. In all of his spare time he returned to inventing and building machines. Newton's uncle and old schoolmaster saw that he was in the wrong trade and urged his mother to prepare him to attend the University. His uncle's efforts paid off; in 1660 he returned to Grantham to finish grammar school and prepare for the university. In June of 1661 Newton entered Trinity College, Cambridge (Westfall 17). At Cambridge Newton studied mathematics. This is when Newton first started to make many discoveries. He made most of his important discoveries there: pure mathematics, theory of gravitation, and optics, all before he even graduated college. Newton made contributions to all branches of mathematics. Modern study of aerodynamics and the science of hydrodynamics would be impossible without the principles of the calculus. Newton wrote Philosophiae Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), which is usually known by the last two words. "In the book Newton codified Galileo's findings into the three laws of motion." (Wilson online). Newton formulated three laws of motion, and resulting from them the law of universal gravitation. His laws of motion are the natural laws of mechanics. Newton's three laws of motion are: 1. The law of Inertia- an object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. 2. 2nd Law- an unbalanced force applied to an object will result in the acceleration if the object. There was an equation that went along with this law which is F=ma.

I love my india Essay

This essay describes about the Incredible India which is an eco-tourism business in India. It basically focuses upon to identify the sustainable policies which they use to make the tourists destination more sustainable. It even describes the policy they use such as Bio-logical-diversity, resource efficiency and environment purity. After describing each and every policy it states about the effectiveness of the policy and how does it help to reduce the negative impact on the environment. As it has been mentioned below such as under Bio-logical diversity it includes working with national parks and protected areas, and working with private parks and reserves. Under resource efficiency it includes Minimizing the water consumption by the tourism sector, Minimizing the consumption of energy, Promoting a reduce, recycle, and reuse mentality. Under the section of environmental purity it includes Promoting the use of more sustainable transport, Limitations over the use of harmful chemicals, minimizing the wastage and disposes it carefully, influencing the development of new tourism facility. After that for additional information it has also stated the government policies. To start up with let’s focus on the eco-tourism. The word eco-tourism came from a marketing agency who was actually promoting Costa Rica as a rain forest destination after that it was seen as an exact market for the WTO (World Tourism organization). Eco-tourism is more than a catch phrase for nature loving and recreation. Eco-tourism is mainly for sustaining the world’s natural and cultural environment. So it actually accommodates and entertains the visitors in such a way which has a minimum impact on the native cultures in the location they are operating in. Saving the natural luxuries and forest life from getting destructed is called as eco-tourism (Incredible India, n.d.). There is no specific definition for the eco-tourism; the World Tourism Organization defines eco-touris as â€Å"Tourism which involves visiting to the natural areas which are undisturbed, with a specific objective of studying, enjoying and admiring the natural beauty and the wild animals and plants, and any other cultural aspects found in these areas is known as Eco-tourism† (Piedrablanca, 2007). The Eco-tourism business which has been chosen is Incredible India. Before identifying their sustainable policies let’s focus more about Incredible India. The ministry of tourism is the agency is the formulation of all the national policies and various programmes and for the co-ordination of other activities for the central government. The ministry is headed by the union minister and controlled by the minister of state of tourism (Incredible India, n.d.). Here are some of the major sustainable policies. 1) Bio-logical Diversity: This policy states regarding the support to the natural areas, and wild-life and minimize damage to them. This is an area where most of the negative and positive impacts can be felt. The environments which actually attract the tourists are destructed, so due to that this policy actually helps to protect the bio-diversity. Such as working with private parks and reserves, this includes that the private parks do have the high level of conservation, and makes sure that the private parks do not draw off the resources, which includes tourism income. After discussing about the bio-logical diversity let’s bit focus upon its effectiveness. a) Working with national parks and other protected areas: It actually gives the opportunity to strengthen the protection to avoid the negative impacts on the tourism, and focus upon the sustainaible tourism that would increase the visitor awareness and support for conservation. This important policy issues include: Arranging up the national guideline s on sustainable tourism in protected areas. Extending the coverage areas for both terrestrial and marine to protect the areas, such as buffer zones. Optimizing the level of use of park admissions to support its range of objectives. b) Working with private parks and reserves: This policy actually encourages the people to work with private parks and reserves. This policy includes the priorities such as: It actually helps to maintain the high conservation of the private parks and its standards. It helps to make the public and private parks in to single bio-diversity plan. 2) Resource efficiency: This policy states to minimize the use of non-renewable resources in the development and process of tourism conveniences and service. A sustainable future is completely depended upon the management of the resources to make  sure about the availability of the resources in the present and for the upcoming generation. Resources which are non-renewable and which are limited are of main concern such as land, fresh water, fossil fuels and so on. Fresh water is an very important resource which lacking but are been consumed at the higher level by the tourists. It has been proved that tourists do use 15 to 20 times more water than the locals, due to that most of the tourist’s destinations in India are providing limited fresh water for the tourists. Let’s discuss more about the policy and what all it includes. a) Minimizing the water consumption by the tourism sector: As it has been discussed above that the tourists actually consume more resources than what locals do so to restrict it to certain level this policy includes, Limiting the water hungry facilities such as golf, and swimming pools Encourages the installation of water through technology which has low flow showers and toilets. Improving the infrastructure such as leakages. b) Minimizing the consumption of energy: There are some following points which helps to minimize the consumption of energy in to the tourist destination such as, They provide renewable energy resources in most of the tourist destinations in India. They encourage resource efficient transport choices. They even encourage the tourists to be responsible in terms of using the energy. C) Promoting a reduce, recycle, and reuse mentality: Eco-tourism businesses such as Incredible India are mainly focusing on encouraging the reuse of the materials. And the policies which are used to support are as follows: a) Purchasing to supplies from sustainable sources. This can be actually help by the good information on local accessibility of such sources. b) Minimizing use of unnecessary packaging. c) Encouraging the creativity from the products which are been used so it can be reused. 3) Environmental Purity: This is the policy which is been followed by Incredible India, which actually helps to reduce the waste, and other harmful gases this helps to  maintain and improve the quality of the air, water, land, and health and bio-diversity. These actions illustrate all the pollution prevention and control throughout the lifecycle for the development of the tourism, during and after the use of facilities, and impacts on tourists themselves (unep, 2005). To minimize the pollution of air, land, water and the generation of waste made by the visitors. To do that there are certain policies which is been followed by Incredible India, such as a) Promoting the use of more sustainable transport: This includes Favours low impact of transport. This actually put on both journeys to and within the destination. Most of the tourists in India are encouraged to go by walking or by cycling within the destination, which actually reduces the negative impact on the environment. b) Limitations over the use of harmful chemicals: They are also putting on some limitations over the chemicals which might be harmful for the environment such as pesticides, fungicides, and chlorine in to the swimming pools. The enterprise even contributes over the depletion of the ozone layer by releasing CFC in to the atmosphere from packaging insulations, air conditioners and so on. c) Minimizing the wastage and dispose it carefully: Tourism is a kind of industry which is a major producer of the waste and disposable of non-degradable waste is an important issue especially in to the remote areas. These wastes can be real danger to the life of wild-life. Due to that government are providing some facilities where these wastes can be disposed of safely. d) Influencing the development of new tourism facility: Government of India are taking some intiatives to provide some new tourism facilities in such a way where it is least harmfull for the environment, such as: The location of new development, this includes the location in terms of the sensitivity of the areas environment and its setting for example public transport links. Construction should be taken place in such a way where there is minimum harm to the environment (Frangialli, Toepfer, 2005). These are the following additional government policies for the development of the sustainable eco-tourism. a) The local community should be involved for the economic development of the area. b) The resources which are been used for the eco-tourism, and lively hood by  the local habitants should be recognized and try them to minimize it. c) The scale of the eco-tourism should be compatible with the environment and socio-cultural features of the local community. d) These things should be planned for the development of the local area which should be supported by and integrated uses of land avoiding inter- sectorial conflicts. These are the policies which have been set and followed by the Incredible India (Incredible India, n.d.). e) It is very much necessary to have balance between the development and conservation. f) It is necessary to have the commitment within the whole nation for the for the development of the sustainable and tourism. g) There should be proper and effective control systems which are devised at a proper place (Global forest coaliation, n.d.) To conclude with it is necessary for the eco-tourism businesses to follow the policies which are been set up by the business to keep the environment clean and green which would basically attract the tourists to visit the destination. It is even necessary to encourage the tourists to have the minimum wastage and even encouraging them regarding the limit the wastage of resources. Not only that it necessary to co-operate with the locals and encourage them to stop using the harmful chemicals which could be dangerous to the environment. References: Adventure tourism in Ecuador. (n.d.). www.piedrablanca.org. Retrieved September 1, 2012, from www.piedrablanca.org/ecotourism-defination.htm Frangialli, F., & Toeper, K. (n.d.). Making Tourism for more sustainaible. www.unep.fr. Retrieved September 1, 2012, from http://www.unep.fr/shared/publications/pdf/DTIx0592xPA-TourismPolicyEN.pdf Incredible India. (n.d.). www.gourkanjilal.com. Retrieved September 30, 2012, from http://gourkanjilal.com/CTA-part1.pdf Incredible India. (n.d.). www.IncredibleIndia.org. Retrieved September 1, 2012, from http://www.incredibleindia.org/index.php/about-us Life as Commerce-India case study on Eco-tourism on market based conservation mechanism. (n.d.). globalforestcoalition.org. Retrieved September 30, 2012, from http://globalforestcoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Casestudy-Ecotourism-in-India1.pdf

Reflection on Assessment of Asthmatic Patient

In this essay, I need to reflect on the situation that taken place during my clinical assignment to develop and utilize my experiences on the assessment and intervention of asthmatic patient in my work place. In this reflection, I am going to use Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle. This model is a recognised framework for my reflection. Gibbs (1988) consists of six stages to complete one cycle which is able to improve my healthcare practices continuously and learning from the experience for better practice in the future. The cycle starts with a description of the situation, next is the analysis of the feelings, third is an evaluation of the experience, fourth stage is an analysis to make sense of the experience, fifth stage is a conclusion of what else could I have done and final stage is an action plan to prepare if the situation arose again (NHS, 2006). Baird and winter (2005, p. 156) gave some reasons why reflection is required in the reflective practice. They state that a reflection is to generate the practice knowledge, assist an ability to adapt new situations, develop self-esteem and satisfaction as well as to value, develop and professionalizing practice. However, Siviter (2004, p. 165) explain that reflection is about gaining self-confidence, identify when to improve, learning from own mistakes and behaviour, looking at other people perspectives, being self-aware and improving the future by learning the past. In my contact with the patient, it was important for me to establish a very good rapport which is the healthcare professional – patient relationship. There was a good mutual understanding exists between me and Mrs. A established from a sense of trust (Harkreader and Hogan, 2004, p. 243). Ruesch (1961) mentioned the purpose of the good communication is to improve the patient’s ability to function. According to Kathol (2003) healthcare provider must show up caring, sincerity, empathy and trustworthiness in order to build a warm relationship with patient. Those attitudes could be expressed by promoting the effective communication and relationships by the implementation of interpersonal skills. Thus, My reflection is about one patient whom I code her as Mrs. A, not a real name to protect the confidentiality of patient’s information (NMC, 2004). Description of the situation In this paragraph I would describe on the event that took place in assessing and provision of intervention to asthmatic patient in my work place. I was on a ward when Mrs. A was brought to the Accident & Emergency unit. She was a 76 years old been diagnosed of asthma. Mrs. A complainted of shortness of breath with audible wheezing. She could not walk herself and need to be assisted if she wanted to stand or walk. Her past medical history revealed diabetic and high blood pressure. Patient has taken her prescribed medication of ventolin at home without relief of symptom before coming to the Accident & Emergency. She was accessed and physical examination show the following: Respiratory rate 30, Heart rate 110, blood pressure 140/90, temperature 36. 2, and saturation 87. Auscultation reveals decreased breath sounds. Peak flow done before and after treatment was 125/250. Mrs. A was also coughing up small amount of sputum. Feelings In this paragraph, I would discuss on my feelings or thinking that took place in the event that happened. Before I started the assessment, I introduced myself and approached Mrs. A. So I tried to build a good rapport with her as I do not want her to feel strange as I was not her family members or her relatives. My first approach to her was to ask whether she wanted to take her lunch. She was on soft diet as she was having a difficulty in swallowing. Then I asked her permission to feed her. She looked at me and the pain was there. In this situation, I showed up my empathy as I put myself in her shoes and assuming I was having a breathing problem. According to Wold (2004, p73) empathy is about the willingness to understand the other person not just judging the person’s fact. Then, I touched her shoulder, kept saying, and raise my tone a bit because I was afraid if she had a hearing trouble. I was reassuring her she will be fine. In the meantime, I was thinking whether the English language was not her mother tongue but I kept myself communicate verbally with her including using my body gesturers and facial expression. Body gesturers and facial expressions are referred as a non-verbal communication (Funnell et al, 2005, p. 443). I thought of the language barrier that breaks our verbal communication. Castledine (2002, p. 923) mention that the language barrier arises when there are individuals comes from a different social background use their own slang or phrases in the conversations. Luckily, those particular body gesturers could make her understand that I was going to assess her. During the assessment I maintained the eye contact as I do not want her to feel shy. This is supported by Caris-Verhallen et al (1999) which mentioned that the direct of eye contact could express a sense of interest in the person to the other person involves in that communication. As a result, she gave a good cooperation and was very happy for the assessment until finished. Evaluation Developing my skills on assessment and intervention of asthmatic patient particularly an adult has been very challenging but rewarding. My learning style was kinaesthetic where I actually carried out physical activity in my work place. I was eager to try and explore the theory into practice by assessing Mrs. A under the supervision of a registered nurse. As a busy department it was difficult to get a nurse to supervise me, but the nurses were doing everything possible to make their selves available whenever I needed their help. The registered nurse asked me to assess Mrs A, at first I wasn’t confident because that was my first patient to assess. However, the more time I spent with Mrs A, the better I become. I was anxious to put theory into action by carrying out the assessment and taken part in the intervention. I took the challenge to revise the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system. This was very helpful in understanding the changes in anatomy and physiology of a patient with asthma. The study deepened my confidence in demonstrating competences in carrying out assessment and dvising patients with asthma on the use of nebuliser. These skills have enabled me to know how to reassure patient when they come in with asthma attack. I have also developed the new skills to understand more about the trigger of asthma, symptoms, causes and intervention. It was also as my duty to feed Mrs A so that I could make sure the patient get the best care in the ward. Burnard (1990) and Stein-Parbury (1993) define attending to patient as a patient-centred process as wells as to fulfil the basic conditions as a healthcare professional to provide the genuineness, warmth and empathy towards the patient. I was able to improve my verbal and non-verbal communication skills in my conversation with her during the assessment as she was having a hearing problem and could not communicate in English language properly, so the non-verbal communication plays a role. Caris-Verhallen et al (1999, p. 809) state that the non-verbal communication becomes important when communicating with the elderly people who develop a hearing problem. Hollman et al (2005, p31) suggests some effective ways to maximize the communication with hearing impairment people such as always to gains the person’s attention before speaking, make yourself visible to prevent them feel frighten and try to use some sensitive touch. I feel this is a good experience to me because I learn to develop my verbal and non-verbal communication particularly. Furthermore, I also used my facial expressions to advise her when I finish. During meal time, she withdraws the meal after few seconds but I smiled and assured Mrs. A that it was good for her health to finish her meal. Therefore my facial expression worked out to encourage her to finish the meal. Although I could not explain detail to her about the important nutrition diet that she should take, but I could advocate her to finish the meal served because the meal was prepared according to her condition. I am also particularly impressed because I am now more experienced and confident in reassuring my patient and hence achieving my goal. Analysis In order to analyse the situation, I would add that my communication skills were very important to provide the best care to Mrs. A. My communication with Mrs. A was the interpersonal communication. This is because the interpersonal communication is a communication which involved of two persons (Funnell et al 2005, p. 438). I realized that my nonverbal communication did also help me a lot in my duty to provide the care to Mrs. A. Even though she could understand few simple English words when I was asking her some questions but I noticed that one of the problems occurs within the communication was the language barrier. Another was I could not get consent to assess and recommend treatment from Mrs A at first because she was on pain and did not want to speak. White (2005, p. 12) recommended that a healthcare professional should learn a few words or phrases in the predominant second language to put a patient at ease for better understanding. Moreover, though the registered nurses were able to help but due to the high demand of the nurses, it was not very easy to get nurse to supervise me initially because the department was very busy. Although, it was quite difficult because I am not allowed to assess patient without supervision but this really encouraged me to work very hard. She nodded her head to assign that she agreed with me or she was given me consent. In addition, Mrs. A also gave me a feedback that she understood my message by transmitting the message via her body gestures and eye behaviour. Delaune and Ladner (2002, p. 191) state a feedback is that the sender receives the information after the receiver react to the message. In a nutshell, my reflection explores my experiences in asthmatic patient intervention and assessment especially the adult. I was concern about my feeling and thoughts during the assessment so that I could improve more skills in my communication and confident. I successfully communicated with her effectively as she cooperated till the end of the assessment. So it was vital to build good rapport with her to encourage her ability to speak up verbally and non-verbal. Moreover, this ability could help her to communicate effectively with other staff nurses. She would not be neglected because of her age or her disability to understand the information given about her treatment. Hyland and Donaldson (1989), mention that communication expresses what the patients think and feel. In order to communicate with Mrs A, it was important to assess her common communication language and her ability to interact in the other languages. In my opinion, I evaluated that it does not matter whether it was a patient-centred communication or task-centred communication because both communication mentioned by McCabe (2004) actually does involves communication to the patients. So it was not a problem to argue which type of communication involves in my conversation with my patient. After I analysed the situation, I could conclude that I was able to know the skills for effective communication with the patient such as Mrs A, for example, active listening, concentration, empathy and support the patient emotions (Walsh, 2005, p. 34). Action Plan My action plan for the clinical practice in the future, if there were asthmatic patients that I need to help to assess and provide any medical intervention, I would prepare myself better to handle with the patients who would have some difficulty in communication. This is because, as one of the health care worker, I want the best care for my patients. So in related to deliver the best care to my patients, I need to understand them very well. I have to communicate effectively as this is important to know what they need most under my supervision as a Clinical assistant practitioner. According to my experience, I knew that communication was the fundamental part to develop a good relationship. Wood (2006, p. 13) express that a communication is the key foundation of relationship. Therefore a good communication is essential to get know the patient’s individual health status (Walsh, 2005, p. 30). Active listening could distinguish the existence of barrier communication when interacting with the patients. This is because, active listening means listening without making judgement to listen to the patients’ opinions or complaints which give me chances to be in the patients’ perspective (Arnold, 2007, p. 01). On the other hand, it is also crucial to avoid the barriers occurred in the communication with Mrs A. However, I would remind myself to be confident when dealing with the patient. I would make sure I remind myself not to assume or guess what my patient may have in mind. Walsh (2005) argued that making stereotyping and making assumptions about pa tients, perceptions and having first impression of patients and lack of awareness of communication skills are the main barriers in providing better care to patient. I must not judge the patients by making my first impression and assumption about the patients but I have to make patients feel valued as an individual. I should be capable to respect their fundamental values, beliefs, culture (Heath, 2000). I would be able to know on how to build rapport with the patients. There are eleven ways suggest by Crellin (1998, p. 49) which are becomes visible, anticipate needs, be reliable, listening, stay in control, self-disclosure, care for each patient as an individual, use humour when appropriate, educate the patient, give the patient some control, and use gestures to show some supports. This ways could help and give me some guidelines to improve my medical practice with patients. Another important thing to add on my action plan list is to know which the disabilities of the patients have such as hearing disability, visual impairment and mental disability. Once I could know the disability that a patient has, I could well-prepared my method of providing health care more effectively. To summarize for my action plan, I would start a communication with a good rapport to know what affects the patients’ ability to communicate well and to avoid barriers in effective communication in future. Conclusion In conclusion of my reflective essay, I mentioned the model that I chose, Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle as my framework of my reflective. The reason for choosing the model as well as some discussion on the important of doing reflection in medical practice. I am able to discuss every stage in the Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle about my ability to develop my experience in the assessment and intervention of asthmatic patient.